社会工作参与公租房社区治理的行动领域、组织模式与路径选择

当前学界在公共租赁住房社区治理研究领域存在空缺。本研究运用社区综合性评估方法,评估了长沙市10个公租房社区的公权力结构和社区管理与服务状况,发现当前公租房社区治理多为行政主导型模式,社区管理与服务存在水平初级化、回应机制不顺、效果欠佳等缺陷。社会工作参与公租房社区治理可从发展社会资本、促进社会包容、培养个人技能三大行动领域介入,构建以任务群体、社区网络、大众教育为核心的社区工作组织模式。参与公租房社区治理的路径可选择为,变政府购买服务机制为政府引导机制,厘清政府和社会在公租房社区治理中的地位和作用,着力解决社工等社会力量对政府的依赖问题。     

促进国家治理能力现代化的经济法纲要价值解读

党的十八届三中全会公报提出了全新政治理念,即促进国家治理体系和能力现代化。制定经济法纲要,是规范政府新经济管理职能,依法协调政府和市场关系,规范政府配置资源行为的基本要求。经济法纲要,最大法律价值在于确认和保障资源配置的市场决定性地位等。经济法纲要,是法治市场的重要法律依据,它将有助于促进国家治理能力现代化。     

瑞士科研不端治理机制及启示

瑞士的科研不端治理模式是以科学界自我管理为主导的单层管理模式,科研资助机构与科研承担机构根据自身的具体情况制定相应的规章制度,并成立独立的执行机构对本部门的科研不端事件展开调查。其中,国家科技基金会的做法是在借鉴国际标准与德国经验以及瑞士科学院做法的基础上形成的,对全国的大学和科研机构具有引导和示范作用。瑞士科学院在治理科研不端问题上强调基层自治、程序的客观性与独立性、程序流程的层次性与动态性等特征对我国具有启示意义。     

Grassroots women's accountability mechanisms: strengthening urban governance through organising and partnerships

Women living in marginalised urban neighbourhoods are often excluded from the economic, political, and social resources available to other city dwellers. The focus on the decentralisation of services and resource provision in urban areas presents an opportunity to citizens, including women, to organise to hold local government to account. This article builds on case studies and lessons learned from 18 months of the Huairou Commission's Transparency & Accountability Initiative, with specific reference to initiatives in Metro Manila, Philippines, Thankot, Nepal, and Jinja, Uganda. Here, organised groups of grassroots women have established innovative, community-driven mechanisms to participate in and monitor decision-making and service delivery in cities.     

环境治理模式研究综述

我国的环境污染日益严峻,环境问题的严重性、复杂性和综合性要求环境治理模式的不断优化,合作式的环境治理成为国内外学者的普遍共识。为促进我国环境治理模式的进一步研究与实践,通过整理与归纳国内外相关文献,分别阐述网络治理、协同治理、多中心治理和整体性治理4种主要的环境治理模式以及这些治理模式在我国环境治理研究中的应用。我国环境治理模式应符合中国的实际国情和区域的环境状况,并促进治理模式的融合集成,以实现环境包容性治理。     

新型城镇化建设中现代乡绅的政府培育

国家治理体系与治理能力现代化,是十八届三中全会提出的全面深化改革的总目标。在新型城镇化的背景下,农村如何实现治理现代化是当代中国面临的重大问题。回顾历史,我们发现乡绅之治是古代中国农村治理的有效方式。当代中国同样存在乡绅群体,但现代乡绅具有与古代乡绅相区别的现代性特征。当代中国需要发挥乡绅的作用以实现农村治理的现代化,为达此目的,政府对乡绅的培育规制是非常重要的。     

治理术与国家治理能力现代化

国家治理能力现代化属于治理理论中的治理术范畴。治理术包括政府理性、“如何”执政和政府的“艺术”三个方面,其核心是法治理性和善治理性。因此,国家治理能力就是在国家治理体系框架下,治理主体以法治思维和善治思维运用治理机制和治理工具实现治理目标的能力。提升国家治理能力的关键点,在于政府行使国家权力时,慎用专断性权力并善用建制性权力。这是中国政府治理能力现代化的必由之路。     

Strengthening migration governance: the UN as ‘wingman’*

ABSTRACT

The plight of desperate migrants crossing the Mediterranean reached an inflection point in 2015 when an estimated 800 migrants drowned in a single day, painfully exposing dysfunctions in how States, regions, and the international community as a whole seek to govern a world with increased mobility of persons. By examining the response to the migration and refugee crises of recent years through the lens of the United Nations (UN), this article describes how States and the UN system are challenged to reconsider traditional hierarchies of power and influence since unilateral State action will not solve the migration problem. Migration solutions, particularly those providing greater protections for migrants in vulnerable situations, will require ‘coalitions of the willing’ between States, inter-governmental organisations, local governments and non-state actors. Still emerging, such coalitions are interdependent; and their objectives will be the result of negotiating and bargaining amongst their members. They reflect multi-level governance in the collective handling of migration, revealing a more complex interaction, one in which local authorities and non-state actors are in some instances bypassing State-led interventions. For its part, the UN – armed with recent institutional changes that provide it with more centralised ‘orchestration’ capacities – is best suited to serve in a ‘wingman’ function, buttressing rather than leading such coalitions.     

Making good citizens: local authorities’ integration measures navigate national policies and local realities

ABSTRACT

Using the case of Odense (Denmark), this article explores how, in the process of devising and implementing integration measures, local authorities mitigate between the demands of national-level integration policies and the local realities. It shows that Odense's local authorities combined local resources into a variety of horizontal governance structures geared towards supporting refugees’ integration, and engaged in vertical interactions responding to local priorities. The study finds that new governance structures emerging at sub-national create opportunities for refugees and help their integration. However, inequalities between national and sub-national levels may have negative consequences for refugees’ integration outcomes.     

论我国时政类网络社区舆论生态及其治理

近十多年来,我国时政类网络社区发展迅猛,时政类论坛、博客、微博、贴吧等出现了爆发式增长,其舆论对社会的影响越来越大。当前,我国时政类网络社区呈现出极为复杂的舆论生态。主要表现为网络谣言泛滥、表达方式偏激、观点针锋相对、对主流价值观叛逆、充斥牢骚和抱怨等。加强网络社区舆论引导,优化舆论生态治理,形成良性舆论环境,构建和谐网络社区,关系到主流意识形态安全和社会稳定。