论影响英语自主学习的内在因素

自我效能感、归因、目标设置、认知策略和元认知策略是影响英语自主学习的内在因素.在英语教学中,教师如能从这些内在因素入手,加强英语学习者自主学习的意识和动机,优化英语学习者动机性因素的组合,加强英语学习者认知和元认知策略训练,这些内在因素就能对英语学习者自主学习能力的提高产生积极有效的作用.     

The effects of self-efficacy on computer usage

This paper examines the effect of self-efficacy, belief in one's capabilities of using a computer in the accomplishment of specific tasks, on computer usage. It introduces an extended technology acceptance model (TAM) that explicitly incorporates self-efficacy and its determinants (experience and organizational support) as factors affecting computer anxiety, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and the use of computer technology. A survey of 450 microcomputer users in Finland found strong support for the conceptual model. In accordance with TAM, perceived usefulness had a strong direct effect on usage, while perceived ease of use had indirect effect on usage through perceived usefulness. Self-efficacy had both direct and indirect effects on usage, demonstrating its importance in the decision to use computer technology. It also had a strong direct effect on perceived ease of use, but only an indirect effect on perceived usefulness through perceived ease of use. Computer experience was found to have a strong positive direct effect on self-efficacy, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and usage. Organizational support and computer anxiety had only indirect effects on usage, mainly through perceived usefulness. Implications of these findings are discussed for researchers and practitioners.     

新生代员工创新行为的影响因素及其关系

新生代员工的创新行为如何影响创新能力备受关注。基于自我决定理论及社会交换理论,通过问卷调查探讨了638名1980年与1990年以后出生的新生代员工创新行为的影响因素问题。研究结果显示员工情感信任可以通过创新自我效能感预测创新行为。同时,研究结果也显示人格开放性是情感信任预测创新自我效能感的调节变量,调节效应分析表明低开放性条件下,高情感信任的新生代员工表现出较高的创新自我效能感,进而表现出创新行为。从员工情感信任、开放性以及创新自我效能感角度探讨新生代员工的创新行为表现。     

自我效能感与工作资源匹配模型的实证研究——对工作要求—资源模型的扩展

工作要求—资源模型的缓压效应受到组织与学者的关注,文章就该模型以压力主体无差异性为前提下实证结果的不一致性,引入个体能力信念变量——自我效能感,从个体与环境匹配的角度,提出自我效能感与工作资源的匹配,扩展工作要求—资源模型。问卷分析结果显示,自我效能感与工作资源对工作要求与工作压力关系的联合调节效应显著,进而得出以下结论:高自我效能感员工有能力且有意愿利用丰富的工作资源积极应对压力刺激;低自我效能感员工对自身能力缺乏信心且态度消极,在低工作资源情境即组织对工作资源代为控制下,更能有效缓解压力刺激。     

Racial/Ethnic Minority Community College Students' Critical Consciousness and Social Cognitive Career Outcomes

A need exists to better understand how racial/ethnic minority students' critical consciousness development in response to marginalization may be involved in their educational and career development. We therefore examined the link between critical consciousness development and career decision self-efficacy and career outcome expectations among racial/ethnic minority community college students. Following social cognitive career theory's conceptual pillars, we developed a testable model integrating critical consciousness and social cognitive variables. This model was tested with 135 racially and ethnically diverse community college students. Data analysis included path analyses and tests of model fit using structural equation modeling. Results suggested that (a) higher critical agency is linked to higher career decision self-efficacy and outcome expectations and (b) critical action and reflection have a bidirectional link and predict higher critical agency. Implications for research and practice aiming to close educational and career gaps among racial/ethnic minorities are discussed.     

‘It simplifies research!’: impact of a song lyrics exercise among MSW students

ABSTRACT

The use of pop culture sources in social work education enhances the learning of MSW students in the human behavior, policy and diversity courses. Pop culture sources can enhance learning because of the potential for a quicker recall of content, revealing hidden talents and sophisticated understanding of the concepts, and making the assignments more enjoyable for students. However, the impact of utilizing pop culture sources among MSW students in research courses remains unknown. It is imperative that contemporary teaching modalities be implemented in research courses because MSW students have mixed feelings about taking research classes and conducting research of their own. The purpose of this article is to report findings of the implementation of a pop culture source-analyzing song lyrics-in an introductory MSW research class at one university in the USA. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected from (N = 17) MSW students. Findings lend support to utilizing the song lyrics exercise, as students reported enhanced self-efficacy and knowledge of the research process. Future research should assess the impact of this activity with larger samples.     

Retrospective Paternal and Maternal Parenting Styles,Regulatory Self-Efficacy and Adolescent Risk Taking

This study aims to calculate a scaled risk-taking behavior index and to test a model in which maternal and paternal parenting styles affect risk-taking behavior with a mediation of adolescents’ regulatory self-efficacy. Participants were 816 adolescents (44% males) responding to a self-report questionnaire about their risk-taking behavior, regulatory self-efficacy, and retrospective memories of paternal and maternal parenting styles. Results suggested an item rating in the index showing that behaviors considered less risky referred to alcohol use and the unplanned first sexual intercourse, whereas behaviors considered more risky referred to the lack of use of contraceptives and the age of the first sexual intercourse. Results revealed a significant indirect effect of authoritative and authoritarian styles on risk-taking behavior. These styles shaped the adolescents’ regulatory self-efficacy, which in turn predicted adolescent risk-taking behavior. Results underline the complex interplay of relationships between parents and their children.     

感知的创业环境对中层管理者内部创业行为的影响研究

在复杂快变的竞争环境中,中层管理者的内部创业行为对公司内部创业战略的成败至关重要.基于公司内部创业和社会认知理论,以280名在职中层管理者为样本,实证分析感知的创业环境对中层管理者内部创业行为的影响及其作用机理.研究表明,感知的创业环境对中层管理者内部创业行为有积极的影响,而创业自我效能感在感知的创业环境与中层管理者内部创业行为之间起中介作用.由此,尝试打开感知的创业环境对中层管理者内部创业行为影响机制这一“黑箱”,丰富公司内部创业行为研究,同时为企业激发中层管理者内部创业行为提供有益的启发.     

大学生创业自我效能、行为控制知觉与创业意向的实证研究

采用结构方程模型,对河北、天津4所高校640名在校大学生进行调查研究,发现创业自我效能对创业意向的显著正向影响及其机制,以及行为控制知觉作为中介变量对创业自我效能影响创业意向过程中所发挥的作用,揭示了行为控制知觉的部分中介作用机制。根据模型研究结果,就提高创业意向的途径、方法,围绕创业教育、自我强化和社会环境劝导进行了探讨。     

论受教育年限对新生代农民工心理弹性的影响——基于自我效能理论的分析

良好的心理弹性是新生代农民工融入城市的重要促进剂,然而目前新生代农民工的心理弹性状况并不乐观,不利于其社会融入和城市化。基于调研数据,采用Ordered Probit模型对调研资料进行分析,结果发现,新生代农民工受教育水平越高,其心理弹性等级越高,城市融入状况越好。通过解释机制分析可知,这主要是由于受教育年限的提高,可以增加人们的自我效能感,进而使其心理弹性得到改善。因此,今后应加快制度改革和完善政策供给,完善培训教育运作机制,建立完善的监督保障机制,以促进新生代农民工的再教育和技能培训。