工作投入、工作绩效与团队良性人际传导机制构建

工作投入是工作绩效的基础,但现阶段团队员工工作投入整体水平较低,工作绩效不理想。人际传导是团队成员心理状态相互影响的过程,它能够促进团队工作投入,且正向调节工作投入与工作绩效的关系。团队内人际传导存在着工作资源与情绪传染两种路径,其效用发挥又存在着个人特质、工作任务、领导风格等边界条件。基于此,领导者应积极构建团队内良性人际传导机制,促进领导者、主流员工、边缘人之间的人际传导形成,提升团队整体绩效。     

个人人际网络特征对虚拟团队成员绩效影响的实证研究

在对社会网络理论和虚拟团队相关文献进行深入检索和分析的基础上,归纳出网络结构(稀疏性、中心性)和知识多样性等个人人际网络特征变量,提出影响虚拟团队成员绩效(总体绩效和创新绩效)的4项假设.然后,对日本电报电话公司移动通信网分公司内部"MAGIC"项目小组的绩效问题进行了实证研究,假设得到验证.研究结果表明,网络结构和知识多样性对个人绩效存在显著的促进作用,可为高科技企业中类似的虚拟团队员工的绩效管理提供参考.     

平衡记分卡在不同类型团队绩效评定中的应用

团队拥有共同的宗旨和绩效目标,具有灵活的组织形式.但团队内的信息具有不对称的特点,并且对不同类型的团队进行考核时侧重点也应有所不同.平衡记分卡这种新型的绩效测评工具可以最大程度的统一组织目标和个人目标,可以应用到企业、团队以及个人的绩效评定中.在对不同类型的团队和团队中的成员进行绩效考核时,平衡记分卡的考核指标会有所不同.     

浅谈部门绩效考核与员工绩效考核的关系

绩效管理是现代企业管理的重要内容,但很多企业在绩效考核时,没有正确处理好部门绩效考核与员工绩效考核的关系,影响了企业绩效考核的正常进行,企业绩效考核没有达到理想效果。企业在进行绩效考核时,必须将部门绩效与员工绩效考核紧密结合在一起,在对个人任务绩效、管理绩效（管理人员）、能力、态度考核时,也注重考核周边绩效,并将部门绩效考核结果充分利用到员工绩效考核结果中,使个人绩效和部门绩效均获得明显提升,激发员工的工作热情,最终实现员工和企业共同价值的创造— 公司整体效益的提高。本文讨论如何协调部门绩效和个人绩效考核二者的关系。     

道德领导对员工创新绩效的影响:社会交换的中介作用和权力距离取向的调节作用

本文基于社会交换理论,采用由202位下属及其领导构成的领导—下属配对数据探讨了道德领导对员工创新绩效的影响及其传导机制。实证检验的结果表明,道德领导对员工创新绩效和社会交换有正向影响作用,社会交换在道德领导与员工创新绩效之间起中介作用。而权力距离取向不仅调节了社会交换与员工创新绩效之间的关系,还进一步调节了社会交换在道德领导与员工创新绩效之间关系中的中介效应,即员工的权力距离取向水平越高,道德领导通过社会交换对员工创新绩效的间接影响作用越强。本文的研究发现有助于深入认识道德领导影响员工创新绩效的潜在中间机制和边界条件,并有效指导企业的创新管理实践。     

顾客不公平交往行为对员工工作绩效的多层次影响

本文应用情感事件理论和道义性公平理论,同时在个人层次和团队层次上探讨顾客不公平行为,以及员工对顾客不公平行为的集体感知——团队不公平氛围的水平与强度,对员工工作情绪、工作绩效及团队绩效的影响。作者运用结构方程模型和多层线性模型技术,对广东某电话服务中心44个团队568名话务员及主管的调研数据进行分析,结果表明,在个人层次上,顾客不公平行为会触发员工的负面情绪,抵消员工的正面情绪;员工的正面情绪对其工作绩效有显著的正向影响。在团队层次上,团队不公平氛围水平对员工正面情绪与工作绩效的关系有负向调节作用;氛围强度(同一团队的员工对顾客不公平感知的一致性程度)对团队工作绩效有正向影响。     

绩效管理

正绩效管理,是指各级管理者和员工为了达到组织目标共同参与的绩效计划制定、绩效辅导沟通、绩效考核评价、绩效结果应用、绩效目标提升的持续循环过程,绩效管理的目的是持续提升个人、部门和组织的绩效。绩效管理的过程通常被看做一个循环,这个循环分为四个环节,即:绩效计划、绩效辅导、绩效考核与绩效反馈。按管理主题来划分,绩效管理可分为两大类,一类是激励型绩效管理,侧重于激发员工的工作积极性,比较适用于成长期的企业;另一类是管控型绩效管理,侧重于规范员工的工作行为,比较适用于成熟期的企业。但无论采用哪一种考核方式,其     

建立与绩效管理体系相一致的绩效文化

近年来,随着绩效管理在企业中运用的越来越广泛,其优越性也渐渐凸显出来。但是随着绩效管理的深入推行,其实施过程中的绩效结果未达到预期效果,甚至不升反降;绩效考核流于形式,考核流程走过场;推进过程中管理部门积极推进,业务部门消极应付;员工对于考核分数的过分关注,同部门员工之间的非良性竞争以及团队凝聚力下降等现象都让管理者头疼不已,本文就建立与绩效管理体系相一致的绩效文化进行了探讨。     

团队成员创新行为的两层影响因素:个人目标取向与团队创新气氛

当代企业的发展越来越依赖于创新型员工与创新型团队,影响个人创新行为的主要因素一直是研究者关注的热点.本文根据目标取向理论的相关研究结论,将团队创新气氛因素纳入到目标取向对团队成员创新行为影响的研究中.通过对70个团队(包含352个团队成员)样本的调查,运用分层线性模型分析技术,对个人层次目标取向与团队层次创新气氛时创新行为的主效应与交互效应进行了分析.结果表明:团队成员学习目标取向对其创新行为具有显著正向影响,且这种正向效应不会受到团队创新气氛的调节作用;成员证明目标取向对其创新行为的正向影响不显著,但团队创新气氛可以显著调节(增强)这种正向效应;成员回避目标取向对其创新行为具有显著负向影响,但团队创新气氛可以显著调节(减弱)这种负向效应.最后讨论了本研究的管理启示、研究局限及研究展望.     

虚拟团队学习和团队效能及组织效能问关系的实证研究

本研究对虚拟团队学习取向和学习行为对团队效能和组织效能的效果产生的影响进行了研究.作者通过问卷调查的方法,对30多家企业中的307位有过虚拟团队工作经验的人员进行了调查.结果显示,虚拟团队学习取向和学习行为对团队绩效有显著影响,对组织的财务绩效和知识绩效也有显著的效应量.     

高管团队人口统计特征对纺织和信息技术公司经营绩效的影响

运用中国纺织业和信息技术业上市公司的实证数据,本研究发现,高管团队组成特征比CEO个人特征解释更多的企业绩效变异。本研究还发现,公司短期绩效的正相关因素有团队规模和平均任期,公司长期绩效的正相关因素是平均教育水平,公司长期绩效的负相关因素是团队规模。在信息技术公司,高管团队的平均任期与公司的长期绩效负相关,任期异质性与公司的长期业绩正相关,高管团队平均年龄与企业当期绩效显著负相关。     

The servant leadership advantage: When perceiving low differentiation in leader-member relationship quality influences team cohesion,team task performance and service OCB

How does servant leaders' unique ability to place each follower's needs above their own influence relationships between followers and impact their collective performance? In a study that integrates principles of servant leadership with the social comparison theoretical framework, we tested a group-level model to examine how servant leadership induces low perceived differentiation in leader-member relationship quality (perceived LMX differentiation) within a group, which strengthens team cohesion and in turn positively influences team task performance and service-oriented organizational citizenship behaviors (service OCB). Our sample comprised 229 employees nested in 67 work teams. Structural equation modeling results indicate that servant leadership significantly predicts low perceived LMX differentiation; perceived LMX differentiation is strongly related to team cohesion such that the lower the perceived differentiation, the stronger the team's cohesiveness. And, team cohesion is also strongly related to both the team's task performance and service OCB. Perceived LMX differentiation and team cohesion mediate the effect of servant leadership on both team task performance and service OCB.     

Inclusive leadership and team innovation: The role of team voice and performance pressure

In today's complex and rapidly changing business environment, team innovation is increasingly critical to the survival and success of organizations. Although the relevant literature highlights the importance of leadership in team innovation, previous studies have mainly focused on transformational leadership and have yielded inconsistent results. To address this void, this study integrates the goal-setting theory into the input-process-output framework and proposes a moderated mediation model to examine the relationship between inclusive leadership and team innovation. The results of hierarchical regression analysis from two survey-based field studies in China demonstrated that team voice mediated the relationship between inclusive leadership and team innovation and performance pressure moderated the direct relationship between inclusive leadership and team voice as well as the indirect relationship between inclusive leadership and team innovation via team voice such that the relationships were stronger when performance pressure was high.     

上市公司高管更替模式对企业绩效的影响

本文以上市公司2005-2009年间高管更替数据为研究样本,引入了高管团队重组和战略连续性作为中介变量,探讨了不同高管更替模式对企业绩效的影响路径。研究结果表明,上市公司高管强制更替外部聘任对高管团队重组有正向影响,对战略连续性有负向影响,对企业绩效有负向影响,其中高管团队重组和战略连续性在强制更替外部聘任与企业绩效之间起到中介效应;上市公司高管强制更替内部聘任对高管团队重组影响不显著,对战略连续性有正向影响,对企业绩效有正向影响,其中战略连续性在强制更替内部聘任与企业绩效之间起到中介效应;另外,高管团队重组对企业绩效有负向影响,战略连续性对企业绩效有正向影响。     

Employees’ reactions to customer mistreatment: The moderating role of human resource management practices

This study examined the moderating roles of human resource management (HRM) practices in employees’ reactions to customer mistreatment. Drawing upon the job demands-resources (JD-R) model and stress appraisal theories, this study hypothesised that training and participation could buffer the negative effect of customer mistreatment on service employees’ work outcomes (i.e. emotional exhaustion and job performance). Data were collected from 730 service representatives and their team leaders at two time points. Results showed that customer mistreatment was less positively related to emotional exhaustion in teams where employees were provided with more participation opportunities, and customer mistreatment was less negatively related to performance in teams where employees received more training. The results suggest that different types of HRM practices could effectively buffer the negative impact of customer mistreatment on different work outcomes for service employees. Theoretically, this study extends the customer mistreatment literature by demonstrating the importance of studying HRM practices in the customer mistreatment context, and supports the integration of JD-R model as an overarching framework and stress appraisal theories as an explanatory theory to understand the role of HRM practices. Practically, the findings provide implications to managers in protecting employees from customer-related interpersonal stressors and maintaining a healthy and productive workforce.     

Collective voice mechanisms,HRM practices and organizational performance in Italian manufacturing firms

The literature on employee voice has grown enormously over the past decades. However, the relationships between different employee voice mechanisms and organizational performance are far from being fully understood, and the existing research shows mixed evidence. Moreover, the HRM literature tends to concentrate on individual voice mechanisms (e.g. employee involvement) and to underestimate the role that collective voice may have in the HRM performance relationship. This paper aims to analyze how collective employee voice mechanisms (i.e. union voice and team voice) affect organizational productivity and how these relationships vary when voice mechanisms are adopted in combination with other HRM practices (i.e. variable pay, training, performance appraisals and multitasking). The analysis of a sample of 223 Italian manufacturing firms matched with an external database (AIDA) containing balance sheet information found that union voice is positively related to labor productivity, while team voice does not show any significant relationship with labor productivity. Moreover, both union and team voice have important moderation effects in the HRM-performance relationship. Union voice moderates positively the relationship between variable pay and performance and negatively the relationship between training and performance. Team voice positively moderates the relationship between training and performance. The implications of these findings are discussed.     

高层管理团队协作需要、薪酬差距和企业绩效:竞赛理论的视角

本文基于竞赛理论发展出高层管理团队协作需要、薪酬差距与企业绩效之间关系的理论假说,并利用2001年到2004年我国264家上市公司年报数据进行了实证研究.研究结果表明,高管团队薪酬差距对于企业绩效的影响是负向的,不支持竞赛理论的预期,而技术复杂性、企业规模和薪酬差距的交互项对公司绩效有正向影响,团队协作需要的调节效应得到部分支持,符合竞赛理论的预期.协作需要对高管团队薪酬差距的影响也部分支持了竞赛理论的预期.因此,研究表明由于文化的差异,竞赛理论对我国企业高管团队薪酬差距的解释能力是有限的,这也为企业管理团队薪酬的制度设计带来政策启示.     

How high-commitment HRM relates to PC violation and outcomes: The mediating role of supervisor support and PC fulfilment at individual and organizational levels

Psychological contract (PC) constitutes a theoretical framework for; explaining labor relationships, and it has been considered as a; mediation step between structural variables and processes and work and; organizational outcomes. Whereas PC (un)fulfillment; showed consistent relationships with variables such as job satisfaction, organizational commitment, performance, or absenteeism, the effects of PC; violation (emotional answers that develop after perceptions of PC; breach) have been less investigated. In addition, structural antecedents; of PC constructs had included Human Resources (HR) practices. This paper aims to extend; research on PC and its role as a mediator between HR practices and work; outcomes, both at individual and organizational levels. Specifically, we; examined the impact of human resource practices on employee performance; and sickness absences through a sequence of supervisor support, PC; fulfillment and PC violation. In a sample of 4648 employees from 214; companies of seven different countries, our results indicate that high-commitment; human resource practices were significantly and negatively; related to PC violation through supervisor support and positively to PC; fulfillment; in turn, PC violation was negatively related to employee; performance and positively to sick leave. These relationships at the; individual level were partially replicated at the organizational level, developing partial homologous models and showing that shared perceptions; about HR practices lead to shared perceptions on PC affecting collective; outcomes. Therefore, the findings shed new light on PC theory, regarding; the mediating role of PC constructs and negative emotions in the; relationships between HR practices and support from supervisors and performance at individual and organizational levels.     

新创企业高管团队的团队过程与战略决策绩效 ——认知的调节作用

新创企业的成败很大程度上取决于战略决策绩效,具有决策权力的高管团队在创业情境下的认知和行为过程对战略决策绩效具有重要影响。本文结合创业研究和高管团队研究的现有成果,以122家新创企业为研究对象,从内部团队过程和外部团队过程两个维度考察高管团队的团队过程对战略决策绩效的影响,并从认知的视角分析新创企业高管团队认知需要和认知能力对团队过程与决策绩效关系的调节作用。研究结果表明,新创企业高管团队的内部团队过程和外部团队过程与决策的质量和满意度均有显著的正相关关系,且认知需要和认知能力对这种关系具有调节作用,在认知需要和认知能力较高的情况下,内、外部团队过程对决策质量和满意度的正向影响更强。     

Leadership across hierarchical levels: Multiple levels of management and multiple levels of analysis

We examined differences in leadership influence processes, perceptions, and multiple levels-of-analysis effects between close and distant charismatic and contingent reward leadership across three hierarchical levels in 13 Korean companies. Multi-source data revealed that followers' commitment to the leader mediated relationships between leadership and followers' attitudinal, behavioral, and performance outcomes in close situations, but not in distant relationships. Leadership at higher levels of management was positively related to leadership at the next lower level, which in turn related to follower outcomes at the lowest echelon. Multivariate within and between analysis indicated multiple-level effects differing by leader–follower distance and for the variables of interest.