The Place of Culture and Religion in Patterns of Disclosure and Reporting Sexual Abuse of Males: A Case Study of Ultra Orthodox Male Victims

ABSTRACT

This article deals with reporting patterns of sexual abuse in males in a religious-cultural context through a case study of ultra-Orthodox Jewish (Haredi) men who were young victims of sexual abuse. The study is based on in-depth interviews with 40 Haredi men. The results indicate that sexual abuse involving ultra-Orthodox boys was and is underreported. Moreover, the results indicate that even when such incidents were reported, the avenues for disclosure were parents, educational-religious figures, and friends. It was also found that silencing in matters related to sexuality, viewing sexual abuse in boys as a serious sin and taboo, and encouraging blind obedience—all of which characterize Haredi society—were factors in the underreporting. The results also show a strong tendency to cover up incidents of sexual abuse on an individual level, on a family level, and at the community level. The findings indicate a linkage between the religious and cultural background of male victims of sexual abuse and their reporting patterns.     

Gender Differences in Silencing Following Childhood Sexual Abuse

ABSTRACT

The clinical literature commonly asserts that males are less likely than females to disclose child sexual abuse at the time it occurs and take longer to discuss their experiences. These hypotheses were tested in this study. This study included 145 men and 151 women. Participants were asked about disclosure at the time of the abuse and the length of time it took for them to discuss the experience. Comparison across these two studies found that boys were significantly less likely than girls to disclose the abuse at the time it occurred and also took significantly longer to discuss their childhood experiences later in life.     

Child Sexual Abuse and Psychological Impairment in Victims: Results of an Online Study Initiated by Victims

Sexual abuse of children has been a topic of scientific investigation for the past few decades. Research in this area, however, is rarely initiated, conceptualized, and conducted by victims themselves. Apart from possibly having painted a one-sided picture of sexual abuse, this presumed dominance of nonvictims might also have marginalized victims in a research area central to their lives. This study was conducted by a victims interest group as an effort to meet the need to add victims' perspectives to our current understanding of this topic. The online survey focused on investigating victims' psychosocial impairment, which was found to be extensive. Results indicated that an intact social support system facilitates better health, especially when offered early on.     

犯罪被害人国家补偿的正当性分析

法治国家不仅要防止公民的权利受到侵犯，而且在公民权利受到侵犯后，能及时给予被害人应有的救济。建立被害人国家补偿制度，是实现刑事法治、维护社会公平正义的需要，对于提高打击和预防犯罪效能，完善我国刑事司法制度，促进和谐社会建设均具有重要意义。     

公诉案件被害人权利保护的再思考

公诉案件被害人权利保护问题日益引起人们的普遍关注,我国确立被害人当事人地位也日益显示出非现实性,本文就国家控诉权与被害人权利保护之间平衡的问题,从被害人参与刑事诉讼的目的出发就如何平复被害人的复仇情绪和满足其获得赔偿的愿望的问题进行了探讨。在此基础上,提出了犯罪活动具有社会危害性和私人侵权性的双重属性,并进一步从人权保障的理念角度提出私人侵权性先于社会危害性的理论。为被害人权利保障提供理论依据。进而就如何保障被害人充分的参与到刑事诉讼中来提出若干建议,并论证了建立国家补偿制度的必要性,以期对推进我国被害人权利保障制度的完善有所裨益。     

证券犯罪被害人救助制度研究 ———由“董正青案”引发的思考

基于证券犯罪被害人往往得不到有效赔偿的现实,提出证券犯罪被害人救助制度的建立,是实现法治正义和效益价值最大化的必由之路,因而证券犯罪被害人救助制度应采用证券风险保险制度模式,以确立上市公司对证券犯罪被害人的救助义务,推动上市公司治理结构和市场竞争环境的优化.鉴于此制度的公益性、补充性和有限性,对于救助资金的来源、救助程序的设计和救济渠道的畅通,尤其是检察机关在救助程序中的职能定位,提出了基本设想和思考.     

论建立我国特困刑事被害人救助制度

作为一种法律制度,特困刑事被害人救助制度以确保被害人的利益为基础和出发点,以保障被害人的生存权与发展权为根本目的,以救助的方式实现被害人与加害人、被害人与社会关系的和谐。无论是从理论基础还是从现实基础来看,通过立法建立一部科学、合理的《特困刑事被害人国家救助法》,是我国刑事诉讼法制建设的一项重要而紧迫的任务。     

刑事被害人国家补偿的若干问题研究

对不能从犯罪人处或通过其他途径获得赔偿的刑事被害人实行国家补偿,已成为国际社会较为通行的做法。通过比较法上的考察和研究可以发现,各国对刑事被害人国家补偿的理论根据、补偿对象、补偿条件、补偿范围、补偿资金、补偿限度、裁定机关等问题均有不同的认识。在借鉴各同规定的基础上,我国应立足于本国实际建构刑事被害人国家补偿制度。     

Pathologising the victim: law and the construction of people with disabilities as victims of crime in Ireland

Victimologists have for many years explored the construction of identities associated with the ‘victim of crime’, and how certain groups in society are understood as more ‘deserving’ of victim status than others. This paper considers the victim subjectivities ascribed to people with disabilities¹¹ In Ireland, ‘people with disabilities’ is the preferred term to ‘disabled people’.View all notes as victims of crime in Ireland by exploring the legal frameworks that shape their encounters with the criminal justice system. The legislative bricolage that exists is shaped by disjuncture, whereby anti-discrimination measures grounded in people with disabilities’ equal rights to access the justice system sit alongside those that construct them in terms of incapacity. Criminal law overwhelmingly pathologises people with disabilities as crime victims, with impairment dominating their victim status. The paper suggests that notions of victimhood that associate people with disabilities with dependency and passivity will do little to raise awareness of the disabling barriers that characterise their encounters with the criminal justice system.     

Media framing of trolling and online abuse: silencing strategies,symbolic violence,and victim blaming

This article draws on British newspaper reports in order to demonstrate that trolling, and the media’s subsequent framing of trolling, involves “silencing strategies.” It is important to examine how trolling is discussed within the media to understand how it might frame public opinion, debate, and action, and implicitly victim blame. The article presents findings on the forms of (online) abuse and behaviours related to trolling in media reports, including rape threats, death threats, and body shaming. It also explores the media portrayal of victims of trolling, and the advice given concerning how to respond to trolls. To comply with the message to women, which is propagated in media and popular discourses: “do not feed the troll” means that “symbolic violence” is exercised with the complicity of the victim(s) of trolling, which has broader implications.