刑事被害人国家救助制度的人文本质论析

现代刑事司法体制中的被害人蜕化为国家惩罚犯罪的工具,其自身所受侵害难以得到合理补偿和恢复。这与现代法律制度所普遍赋有的人文主义本质显然相悖。当代各国给予刑事被害人的救助行动标示着被害人保护领域人文精神的复归。我国改革开放三十年所积淀的物质财富和人文精神为构建被害人国家救助制度奠定了坚实的社会基础。     

A Rose by Any Name Would Smell as Sweet

No abstract available for this article.     

Juror Perceptions of Child Eyewitness Testimony in a Sexual Abuse Trial

ABSTRACT

A mock child sexual abuse trial was used to study juror perceptions of child eyewitnesses. The child's age (5, 11, or 16) and level of involvement (victim or bystander) were varied across conditions in order to test their impact on juror perceptions and verdict. Results indicated a significant effect of level of involvement on the verdict; defendants in trials involving a bystander witness received higher guilt ratings than defendants in trials with a victim-witness. In addition, jurors perceived the child's eyewitness testimony to be more believable when the child was younger. Implications for the impact of these findings on real-life child sexual abuse cases are discussed.     

关于建立我国被害人补偿制度的构想

本文从比较法的视角，考察了被害人补偿制度的历史渊源、理论基础和制度模式，讨论了我国建立被害人补偿制度对于贯彻以人为本，建设和谐社会的重大意义和可行性，以期对我国相关制度的建立、完善有所裨益。     

缺位与还原:被害人在刑事执行程序中的地位探究

被害人在刑事诉讼程序中的每一个环节均起到举足轻重的作用,然而我国刑事执行程序却将被害人排除在外。被害人在执行程序中地位的缺失不仅与其当事人的地位相矛盾,也与被害人在执行程序中地位的历史发展规律不符。被害人参与刑事执行程序可以彰显人的尊严,是程序参与性与主体性的内在要求,也是实现刑罚功能的需要。我国立法应该确立被害人在刑事执行程序中的主体地位,执行程序的诉讼化改造和被害人的理性化参与是确保被害人在执行阶段主体地位得以实现的保障。     

论我国刑事被害人救济的渐进模式及立法设计

我国当下尚不具备刑事被害人国家补偿法施行需要的经济条件和社会保障水平,在立法需求尤为紧迫的情况下,我国刑事被害人救济立法的可行路径是由"救助"渐进式地向"补偿"过渡。我国的刑事被害人国家救助制度应是兼采一般社会救助制度和犯罪被害人国家补偿制度相关合理因素的"紧急司法救助"制度。     

Common Ground: The Development of a Support Group for Survivors of Homicide Loss in a Rural Community

ABSTRACT

Losing a loved one from human-perpetrated violence can lead to a debilitating process of stigma-generated isolation and trauma. Layers of social services are needed to support surviving family members, all secondary victims of homicide. Although urban populations have enriched access to victims-of-crime services, rural-bound populations often do not. This article describes homicide-specific trauma and the development of a community support group for rural-bound persons suffering homicide loss. The support group process offers potential for real help in areas where few trauma-informed options exist. The authors chronicle their journey of group-work practice with underserved persons coping with homicide loss.     

Judicial Decision-Making and Juvenile Offenders: Effects of Medical Evidence and Victim Age

ABSTRACT

A growing body of evidence suggests that jurors place greater weight on DNA or other types of forensic evidence than non-forensic evidence (Cole & Dioso-Villa, 2009). For cases involving child sexual abuse, certain types of evidence, including forensic medical evidence, may be viewed as more important or indicative of abuse than other types of evidence, such as victim statements or disclosure. The present study evaluated perceptions of juvenile offenders and victim credibility across four vignettes that systematically manipulated variables related to victim age and physical indicators of abuse. A sample of 636 participants read vignettes and answered questions pertaining to the vignette. Participants also provided demographic information and responded to a series of items assessing participants’ judicial decision-making strategies and outcomes. Broadly, the presence of medical evidence significantly influenced participants’ decision-making across a variety of variables, including verdict outcome, verdict confidence, confidence that the victim was truthful, and determinations involving sex offender registration and notification requirements. The influence of medical evidence and victim age on perceptions and sentencing of juvenile sex offenders across these and additional outcome variables will be discussed.