素质教育理念下关于物理实验教学改革的思考

作者以素质教育三大原则为指导,论述了在物理实验教学改革中应该思考和注意的相关问题。     

政治民主与体制创新的探索--河北省政务公开的理论与实践价值

政务公开是河北省基层干部和群众发起的、在全国推广的一项政治创新.本文对这一政治创新活动进行了系统的总结和评介.     

金融服务贸易开放、人力资本积累与经济增长

利用PUA模型对金融服务贸易开放通过影响人力资本积累促进经济增长的实现机理进行理论研究,并以中国金融服务贸易为样本进行实证检验。研究发现,人力资本协同效应处于稳态时,金融服务贸易开放与经济增长之间存在最优关系。以此为基础,选取1985—2015年中国金融服务贸易相关数据,采用可行广义最小二乘法(FGLS)进行实证检验。研究结论表明:中国金融服务贸易开放(滞后四期)、金融业R&D投入对中国经济增长产生显著的促进作用;中国国有金融企业人力资本投入率和人力资本积累率对中国经济增长产生消极作用,而人力资本积累率对中国经济增长的消极作用呈随时间衰减的趋势。     

贸易开放有助于中国产业结构转型升级的空间收敛吗？——兼论产业结构转型升级的β收敛特征

中国经济高质量发展离不开地区产业结构转型升级和协调发展的强力支撑,而贸易开放则是助力产业结构转型升级的关键动力。根据产业结构变迁所表现出的矢量特征,从数量、质量和合理化三个维度刻画了中国各地区的产业结构转型升级状况,并基于空间β收敛模型,利用1999—2018年中国31个省份(港澳台除外)的面板数据实证检验了中国产业结构转型升级的空间收敛特征及贸易开放的影响效应。研究发现:中国产业结构在数量、质量和合理化三个维度下的转型升级均存在绝对β收敛和条件β收敛;贸易开放促进了产业结构在质量维度下转型升级的收敛,但加剧了数量和合理化维度下转型升级的发散;贸易开放的空间溢出效应则主要对产业结构在数量维度下转型升级的收敛具有显著影响。异质性分析发现,产业结构转型升级收敛速度在东部地区的质量和合理化维度以及中西部地区的数量维度下更快,全球金融危机之后各维度下的收敛速度均有明显加快;贸易开放的收敛效应主要在东部地区的质量维度和金融危机之前的质量维度下更为显著,贸易开放的空间溢出效应对产业结构转型升级的收敛则主要在全球金融危机之后的质量维度下更为显著。因而,应加快全局性战略举措的制定,增强地区间的空间联动性,充分发挥贸易开放的扩散效应,以促进产业结构转型升级和协调发展。     

政务新媒体的公众使用及对政府满意度的影响

利用问卷调查法,展示了中国公众使用政务新媒体的现状,公众最经常使用的新媒体政务工具依次为政务微信、政务APP、政务微博.注重分析人口与社会经济特征、新媒体使用习惯、政治影响因素对公众使用政务新媒体的影响.回归结果表明,公众的新媒体使用习惯与是否使用其他类别政务新媒体的影响关系最为显著,呈现出"同质增长、异质削减、关联促进"的特点.研究还显示,使用政务微信能够显著提升公众的政府满意度,使用政务微博主要提升信息公开满意度,使用政务APP则对信息公开、政府回应满意度均有积极影响.     

贸易开放和产业结构对城乡收入差距的影响研究

运用1995—2014年31个省（市）的样本数据研究贸易开放、产业结构对城乡收入差距的影响。实证结果表明：一方面,贸易开放与城乡收入差距存在负相关,产业结构优化是促进城乡收入差距扩大的积极因素;贸易开放与产业结构优化的交互项是影响城乡收入差距的负向因素;受教育程度、失业率、金融发展水平是促进城乡收入差距扩大的积极因素;外商直接投资和经济发展水平缩小城乡收入差距。另一方面,通过东部、中部和西部的对比研究显示,东部地区贸易开放水平的提高促进收入差距的扩大,中部和西部地区的贸易开放有利于缩小收入差距,东部和中部地区的产业结构优化与收入差距负相关,西部地区产业结构优化水平的提升将扩大城乡收入差距。     

Communicative Openness About Adoption and Interest in Contact in a Sample of Domestic and Intercountry Adolescent Adoptees

Adolescent intercountry (n = 122) and domestic (n = 40) adoptees and their adoptive parents were asked about their views on communicative openness. The adoptees were also asked for their thoughts on birth parents and contact. A modest association between communicative openness and feelings about adoptive status and self-esteem was found. Girls were more interested in many aspects of their adoptions than boys. Compared with the situation at 11 years of age, there was greater parent-child agreement on whether the child had difficulties talking about adoption. Nevertheless, at age 15, children were still nearly twice as likely to report difficulties talking about adoption issues than their adoptive parents realized. At the age of 15, the majority of the adoptees expressed a desire for contact with birth relatives, but this was a reduction from the numbers at age 11. They also reported finding it easier to talk about adoption issues than they did at the age of 11. The implications for policy and practice are discussed.     

Increasing women's contribution on board decision making: The importance of chairperson leadership efficacy and board openness

In the last decade, the number of women on corporate boards has increased slightly, but the prevailing minority status of women directors implies that they will continue to face social barriers. While prior research has largely focused on explaining social barriers (e.g., being categorized as an out-group member) to increase diversity and its negative consequences, how boards can avoid these obstacles remains unclear. Stemming from recategorization theory, we examine whether and to what extent board chairperson leadership efficacy and board openness (as mechanisms to avoid out-group bias) enhance the influence of women when they are in the minority in board decision-making. In a sample of 146 Norwegian firms, we found a positive relationship between women minorities and women directors’ contribution to board decision-making. Moreover, we found that this positive impact increases when the board chairperson exercises leadership and the board operates in an atmosphere of openness.     

The role of intercultural,scientific and technological openness on innovation in European regions

This paper analyses the importance of openness for innovation in European regions. Openness is understood from a double angle: intercultural and scientific & technological. Our hypothesis is that each type of openness brings different kinds of knowledge into the regions and results on a different innovation output. S&T openness brings analytical forms of knowledge whilst intercultural openness brings tacit ones. Our results confirm this relationship as S&T openness shows a significant impact on patent activity, but not when a broader innovation indicator is used. Intercultural openness is highly significant when measuring innovation by a broader index and much less when measured by patents.     

系统论视阈下的慈善组织建设

慈善组织是慈善事业发展的主要载体,也是促进社会和谐的重要力量。对我国慈善组织进行系统论意义上的哲学向度思考,应用系统的相关性、整体性、开放性思想,探讨慈善组织系统与制约其存在的诸要素关系、慈善组织整体功能与其部分的结构优化问题,以及慈善组织系统对外部环境的选择利用问题,将有利于推进正在起步阶段的慈善事业及其组织的健康发展。